Send JSON in Python

A browser shows pages to people, but an API answers other programs: a phone app, a website's code, another server. Those programs may be written in any language, so they need the data as text, in a format they all read. That format is JSON.

JSON looks a lot like Python: a list is written in [ ], and an object, like a Python dictionary, in { }, as pairs of a key and a value. Text goes in double quotes; numbers don't. In Flask, jsonify(...) turns a Python list or dictionary into a JSON response:

@app.get("/colors")
def get_colors():
    colors = ["red", "green", "blue"]
    return jsonify(colors)

This route answers the JSON list ["red", "green", "blue"], and tells the client the answer is JSON. When you run your code, you'll see that Flask writes the keys of each object in alphabetical order, so "category" comes first. That's fine: programs find a value by its key, not by its place.

The products list is already in your file. Your app must answer:

GET /products  →  200  [{"id": 1, "name": "Mug", "price": 12, "category": "kitchen"},
                        {"id": 2, "name": "Notebook", "price": 7, "category": "office"},
                        {"id": 3, "name": "Lamp", "price": 29, "category": "home"},
                        {"id": 4, "name": "Pen", "price": 2, "category": "office"}]
GET /          →  200  Welcome to the shop!

Your task: add a route for /products with a function named get_products that returns the whole products list as JSON.

Assignment
Follow the Coding Tutorial to add the GET /products route and send the product list as JSON.

Hint
Copy the shape of the home route, with the new path and function name. Pass the list to jsonify(...) and return what it gives back.