Sessions with Cookies in Python

A cookie is a small piece of data a site gives the browser with an answer. The browser keeps it and sends it back, on its own, with every later request to that site. That's how a website stays logged in without adding an Authorization header to each request.

Flask's session is a dictionary kept in such a cookie. Flask signs it with app.secret_key, so the browser can read the cookie but can't change it without the server noticing. You use it like any dictionary. For example, two routes could remember a shopper's favorite color:

@app.post("/color")
def set_color():
    session["color"] = request.get_json()["color"]
    return jsonify({"color": session["color"]})

@app.get("/color")
def get_color():
    return jsonify({"color": session.get("color", "blue")})

In this lesson, /login also puts the token in the session, and current_user uses it when a request brings no Authorization header. When the header is there, it still wins. The tests use one client that keeps its cookies, like a browser:

GET /me  (no header, no cookie yet)  →  401  {"error": "Login required"}
POST /login  {"email": "ana@example.com", "password": "secret123"}  →  200  {"token": "…"}
GET /me  (no header)  →  200  {"email": "ana@example.com", "id": 2, "role": "customer"}
GET /welcome  (no header)  →  200  Welcome back, ana@example.com!
POST /products  {"name": "Desk", "price": 120}  (no header)  →  403  {"error": "Admins only"}
POST /login  {"email": "admin@example.com", "password": "admin-pass-123"}  →  200  {"token": "…"}
POST /products  {"name": "Desk", "price": 120}  (no header)  →  201  {"id": 9, "name": "Desk", "price": 120}
GET /me  (Bearer Ana's token)  →  200  {"email": "ana@example.com", "id": 2, "role": "customer"}
GET /me  (no header)  →  200  {"email": "admin@example.com", "id": 1, "role": "admin"}

Your task: set app.secret_key to "dev-secret-123", put the token in session["token"] at login, and let current_user take the token from the session when the header gives none.

Assignment
Follow the Coding Tutorial to keep users logged in with a signed session cookie.

Hint
Without the header, header.replace("Bearer ", "") gives the empty text "": that's when to read session.get("token", ""). The default "" matters for a request that has no cookie yet.