Japan presents a fascinating paradox for technology professionals. The country that gave the world Nintendo, Sony, and Toyota—and pioneered everything from robotics to consumer electronics—has struggled with software development and digital transformation in recent decades. Yet this is changing rapidly. Government initiatives promoting digital transformation (DX), a growing startup ecosystem, and an acute labour shortage are creating unprecedented opportunities for developers.

The Japanese tech industry operates within a distinctive cultural and business context. Traditional lifetime employment at large corporations (大企業) remains an aspiration for many, though this system is evolving. The country’s famous attention to quality extends to credentials—formal qualifications matter enormously in Japanese hiring. The national IT certification system administered by IPA (Information-technology Promotion Agency) is deeply embedded in corporate Japan, with specific certifications often required for employment or promotion.

For anyone seeking to enter or advance in Japanese tech, understanding which credentials carry weight is essential. The landscape includes prestigious university degrees (with Japan’s hierarchy as pronounced as Korea’s), specialised vocational schools (専門学校), nationally-recognised IT certifications, and an emerging bootcamp scene. The Japanese language requirement is essentially non-negotiable for most positions, creating both a barrier and an opportunity for those willing to invest in fluency.

This guide navigates Japan’s certification landscape comprehensively, explaining which credentials Japanese employers recognise, how the national qualification system works, what opportunities exist for career development, and how to build a strategic path into one of the world’s largest—and most unique—tech markets.

Understanding Japan’s Education and Qualification System

Japan’s education system has distinctive features that significantly impact how credentials are evaluated. Understanding this structure is essential for navigating career options.

The Japanese Education System

Japan follows a 6-3-3-4 system:

Elementary School (小学校): 6 years Junior High School (中学校): 3 years High School (高等学校): 3 years University (大学): 4 years

Alternative post-secondary paths include:

University Hierarchy in Japan

Like Korea, Japan has a pronounced university hierarchy that significantly impacts career prospects:

National Universities (国立大学):

Top tier:

Public Universities (公立大学):

Private Universities (私立大学):

Top private universities:

This hierarchy matters because Japanese companies, particularly traditional ones, often recruit primarily from specific “target universities” (ターゲット校).

Vocational Schools (専門学校/Senmon Gakko)

Vocational schools are a distinctive feature of Japanese post-secondary education:

Characteristics:

For IT:

Senmon gakko graduates are valued in Japanese industry for practical skills and job-readiness, though they generally have lower starting salaries than university graduates.

The Kosen System (高等専門学校)

Colleges of Technology (高専/Kosen) offer a unique pathway:

Structure:

For tech:

National IT Qualifications: The IPA System

Japan has an extensive national IT qualification system administered by the Information-technology Promotion Agency (IPA).

The IPA Examination System (情報処理技術者試験):

These national qualifications are deeply embedded in Japanese IT employment:

Entry Level:

ITパスポート (IT Passport):

情報セキュリティマネジメント (Information Security Management):

Core Technical Certifications:

基本情報技術者 (Fundamental Information Technology Engineer/FE):

応用情報技術者 (Applied Information Technology Engineer/AP):

Specialist Certifications (高度試験):

ITストラテジスト (IT Strategist):

システムアーキテクト (Systems Architect):

プロジェクトマネージャ (Project Manager):

ネットワークスペシャリスト (Network Specialist):

データベーススペシャリスト (Database Specialist):

エンベデッドシステムスペシャリスト (Embedded Systems Specialist):

情報セキュリティスペシャリスト (Information Security Specialist):

ITサービスマネージャ (IT Service Manager):

システム監査技術者 (Systems Auditor):

Why IPA certifications matter in Japan:

These qualifications are extraordinarily important in Japanese IT employment:

The 基本情報技術者 (FE) is particularly crucial—it’s essentially expected for professional developers in Japan.

Skill Assessment Tests

Beyond IPA, various skill assessment tests exist:

Japan Data Scientist Society certifications:

Various vendor and industry certifications

Japanese Universities for Computer Science

Japan has numerous strong computer science programmes across its university system.

University of Tokyo (東京大学/Todai)

The University of Tokyo is Japan’s most prestigious university.

Department of Information Science / Department of Computer Science:

Undergraduate programmes:

Graduate programmes:

Tuition (approximate):

Reputation: Exceptional. Todai is Japan’s most prestigious university. Graduates have significant advantages in employment, particularly at top companies and government.

Kyoto University (京都大学/Kyodai)

Kyoto University is Japan’s second-most prestigious university.

Department of Intelligence Science and Technology / Informatics:

Strong programmes in:

Reputation: Exceptional. Kyodai is particularly known for producing Nobel laureates and fostering independent thinking.

Tokyo Institute of Technology (東京工業大学/Tokodai/Titech)

Tokyo Tech is Japan’s premier science and technology university.

School of Computing:

Undergraduate and graduate programmes:

Reputation: Excellent for technology. Tokyo Tech is essentially Japan’s MIT—the go-to institution for engineering and technology.

Osaka University (大阪大学/Handai)

Osaka University is a top national university.

Graduate School of Information Science and Technology:

Strong programmes in:

Reputation: Excellent. Strong engineering tradition.

Other Notable National Universities

Tohoku University (東北大学):

Nagoya University (名古屋大学):

Kyushu University (九州大学):

Hokkaido University (北海道大学):

Tsukuba University (筑波大学):

NAIST (Nara Institute of Science and Technology):

JAIST (Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology):

Top Private Universities

Waseda University (早稲田大学):

Waseda is one of Japan’s most prestigious private universities.

School of Fundamental Science and Engineering:

Tuition: ~¥1.5-1.8 million/year

Reputation: Excellent. Waseda and Keio are Japan’s top private universities.

Keio University (慶應義塾大学):

Keio rivals Waseda as Japan’s top private university.

Faculty of Science and Technology (Keio SFC):

Tuition: ~¥1.5-1.8 million/year

Reputation: Excellent. Strong business and industry connections.

Tokyo University of Science (東京理科大学):

Strong science and engineering focus with good computer science programmes.

English-Taught Programmes

For international students without Japanese:

University of Tokyo PEAK:

Kyoto University (some graduate programmes)

Waseda (various English tracks)

Keio (various English programmes)

Temple University Japan Campus:

Sophia University (上智大学):

Note: English-taught programmes are limited, and Japanese language ability is still valuable for employment.

University Comparison

UniversityTypeLocationPrestigeIndustry Connection
University of TokyoNationalTokyoHighestExceptional
Kyoto UniversityNationalKyotoHighestExcellent
Tokyo TechNationalTokyoHighest (Tech)Excellent
Osaka UniversityNationalOsakaVery HighExcellent
WasedaPrivateTokyoVery HighExcellent
KeioPrivateTokyoVery HighExcellent
TohokuNationalSendaiHighVery Good
TsukubaNationalIbarakiHighVery Good

Vocational Schools (専門学校)

Senmon gakko provide practical IT education with strong industry connections.

Major IT Vocational Schools

HAL (ハル):

HAL is one of Japan’s largest IT and game development vocational schools.

Locations: Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya

Programmes:

Characteristics:

Tuition: ~¥1.2-1.5 million/year

Reputation: Good for practical skills, especially game development.

日本電子専門学校 (Japan Electronics College):

Japan Electronics is a long-established IT vocational school in Tokyo.

Programmes:

Reputation: Well-established with good industry connections.

日本工学院 (Nippon Engineering College):

Nippon Engineering offers various IT programmes.

Locations: Tokyo (Kamata, Hachioji)

Programmes:

東京デザインテクノロジーセンター専門学校 (Tokyo Design Technology Center):

Tech and design focused school.

トライデントコンピュータ専門学校 (Trident Computer College):

Nagoya-based IT and game development school.

Why Senmon Gakko Can Be Valuable

Practical skills: Graduates are job-ready with hands-on experience in relevant technologies.

Industry connections: Schools often have relationships with hiring companies.

Certification preparation: Many programmes prepare students for IPA certifications.

Employment support: Strong job placement assistance.

Alternative pathway: For those not entering university, provides legitimate credential.

Considerations

Lower prestige than university: Japanese companies typically offer lower starting salaries to senmon gakko graduates than university graduates.

Career ceiling: Some management tracks may prefer or require university degrees.

Cost: Private senmon gakko can be expensive.

Quality variation: Schools vary significantly in quality. Research carefully.

Coding Bootcamps in Japan

Japan’s bootcamp ecosystem has grown, with various models emerging.

DMM WEBCAMP

DMM WEBCAMP is backed by DMM, a major Japanese internet company.

Programmes:

Characteristics:

Cost: ¥500,000-900,000

Reputation: One of the more established bootcamps with corporate backing.

TECH CAMP (テックキャンプ)

TECH CAMP is a major Japanese bootcamp provider.

Programmes:

Characteristics:

Cost: ¥600,000-800,000

Reputation: Well-known in Japanese market.

Code Chrysalis

Code Chrysalis is unique in offering English-language bootcamp education in Tokyo.

Programmes:

Characteristics:

Cost: ¥2,000,000+ for immersive

Reputation: Good for English speakers seeking tech career in Japan. International standard curriculum.

DIVE INTO CODE

DIVE INTO CODE offers intensive programming training.

Programmes:

Characteristics:

Cost: ¥600,000-800,000

RUNTEQ

RUNTEQ focuses on practical web development.

Programme:

Characteristics:

Le Wagon Tokyo

Le Wagon operates in Tokyo with its global curriculum.

Programmes:

Characteristics:

Cost: ~¥800,000-900,000

42 Tokyo

42 Tokyo is the Japanese campus of the French 42 network.

Programme:

Characteristics:

Cost: Free

Reputation: Growing recognition. Alternative to traditional education.

Government-Supported Retraining

Japan offers various government-supported training programmes:

求職者支援訓練 (Job Seeker Support Training):

教育訓練給付制度 (Education Training Benefits System):

Bootcamp Recognition in Japan

The Japanese context:

Japan’s credential-focused culture means bootcamp certificates face skepticism from traditional employers. However:

Factors improving recognition:

Bootcamp certificates are NOT:

Best bootcamp candidates:

The honest assessment:

Traditional Japanese companies remain credential-focused. However, the tech industry, particularly startups and international companies, increasingly values demonstrated skills. Combining bootcamp training with IPA certifications (especially 基本情報技術者) significantly improves recognition.

Government Support and Funding

Japan offers various programmes supporting IT skill development.

教育訓練給付制度 (Education Training Benefits)

The Education Training Benefits System provides subsidies for education:

一般教育訓練給付 (General Education Training Benefits):

特定一般教育訓練給付 (Specified General Education Training Benefits):

専門実践教育訓練給付 (Specialised Practical Education Training Benefits):

Eligibility:

For IT training:

求職者支援制度 (Job Seeker Support System)

For unemployed individuals:

求職者支援訓練 (Job Seeker Support Training):

ハローワーク (Hello Work)

Japan’s public employment service offers:

Regional and Prefectural Programmes

Various local governments offer IT training initiatives:

Corporate Training and Certifications

Many Japanese companies invest heavily in employee training:

新人研修 (New Employee Training):

資格取得支援 (Certification Support):

Vendor Certifications

International vendor certifications are recognised in Japan, though IPA certifications often take precedence.

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

AWS certifications are increasingly valued in Japan.

AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner

AWS Certified Solutions Architect – Associate

Japanese market value: Good and growing. AWS has significant presence in Japan, including Japanese-specific services. Cloud adoption accelerating.

Microsoft Azure

Microsoft certifications are relevant for enterprise.

Azure certifications:

Japanese market value: Good in enterprise environments. Microsoft has strong presence in Japanese corporate IT.

Google Cloud Platform (GCP)

Google Cloud certifications are growing.

Japanese market value: Moderate, growing. GCP expanding in Japan.

Oracle

Oracle certifications are relevant given Oracle’s enterprise presence:

Oracle Java certifications:

Oracle Database certifications:

Japanese market value: Good for enterprise and systems using Oracle. Java certifications particularly relevant given Java’s popularity in Japanese enterprise.

Cisco

CCNA and higher:

Japanese market value: Good for networking roles.

Linux Professional Institute (LPI) / LinuC

LinuC (Linux技術者認定試験):

Japanese market value: Good for Linux-related roles. LinuC is specifically designed for Japan.

IPA vs. Vendor Certifications

Japanese preference:

Traditional Japanese employers strongly prefer IPA national qualifications. The 基本情報技術者 is often more valued than vendor certifications.

However:

Recommendation:

For Japanese market success, prioritise:

  1. 基本情報技術者 (fundamental requirement)
  2. 応用情報技術者 (for advancement)
  3. Relevant vendor certifications (for specific technical roles)

Immigration and Work Visas

Japan offers pathways for foreign tech workers, though with significant language considerations.

Engineer/Specialist in Humanities/International Services Visa (技術・人文知識・国際業務)

The primary work visa for tech professionals:

Requirements:

For IT professionals:

Duration: 1, 3, or 5 years (renewable)

Highly Skilled Professional Visa (高度専門職)

Points-based visa for highly qualified individuals:

Point factors:

Benefits:

For tech professionals:

Startup Visa

For entrepreneurs starting businesses in Japan:

Requirements:

Available areas: Tokyo, Fukuoka, and other designated cities

Working Holiday

For citizens of partner countries:

Eligibility:

For tech:

Student Visa

For those wanting to study then work:

Study:

Post-study:

Permanent Residence

After meeting requirements (typically 10 years, reduced for highly skilled):

Benefits:

Credential Recognition for Immigration

For visa purposes:

Practical reality:

The Language Reality: Critical Consideration

Japanese language for work:

This cannot be overstated: Japanese language ability is essential for almost all positions in Japan.

Most Japanese companies:

Exceptions (limited):

JLPT (Japanese Language Proficiency Test):

For tech jobs:

Realistic assessment:

Without N2+ Japanese ability, your employment options in Japan are extremely limited. Even “international” environments often require Japanese. This is different from Singapore or the Netherlands where English can suffice.

Timeline for language acquisition:

Recommendation:

If you’re serious about a tech career in Japan, Japanese language investment is not optional—it’s fundamental.

The Skills Gap: What Certifications Miss

Here’s the critical insight that applies even in Japan’s credential-focused culture: credentials demonstrate education, but employers ultimately need capability.

Japanese tech companies use various assessment methods, and while credentials get you through initial screening, technical ability must be demonstrated.

Technical Interviews in Japan

Japanese tech companies conduct technical assessments, though the format may differ from Western companies:

Traditional large companies:

Tech companies (Rakuten, LINE, CyberAgent, etc.):

Startups:

The coding test (コーディングテスト):

Major tech companies use coding tests as gatekeepers. These test:

Where AlgoCademy Fills the Gap

AlgoCademy addresses exactly this gap between credentials and interview-ready capability.

What makes it different:

AlgoCademy’s AI-powered tutoring develops problem-solving ability, not just knowledge. When you’re stuck, the AI doesn’t just give you the answer. It asks guiding questions. It helps you break down problems. It builds the thinking patterns that transfer to any coding challenge.

Why this matters in Japan:

Technical assessments are gatekeepers. Your credentials (university, certifications) get you through initial screening. Coding tests and technical interviews determine who gets offers. Many well-credentialed candidates fail at this stage.

Competition includes top university graduates. You’re competing against Todai and Tokyo Tech graduates who’ve been studying algorithms. Problem-solving skills differentiate candidates.

Japanese tech salaries justify preparation. Entry-level developers at major companies earn ¥4-6 million/year. Senior engineers at top tech companies earn ¥10-20+ million. Improving your interview performance significantly impacts your career trajectory.

The labour shortage creates opportunity. Japan’s aging population means tech talent is scarce. Strong technical skills can overcome some credential gaps.

How to use AlgoCademy:

AlgoCademy offers a 7-day free trial on their annual plan. Here’s how to integrate it with your Japanese credential journey:

During formal education: Spend 20-30 minutes daily on AlgoCademy alongside your university studies, senmon gakko, or bootcamp. Build problem-solving skills while earning credentials.

During IPA certification prep: Algorithm skills overlap significantly with 基本情報技術者 exam content.

Before coding tests: Use AlgoCademy intensively when preparing for company coding tests.

For career advancement: Continue problem-solving practice to maintain skills for promotions or job changes.

The combination of appropriate Japanese credentials (university + IPA certifications) plus demonstrated problem-solving ability is essential for success in the Japanese tech market.

Cost Comparison (JPY)

Understanding the full financial picture helps make informed decisions.

Free and Very Low Cost Options

OptionCostTimeNotes
freeCodeCamp¥0Self-pacedEnglish, online
42 Tokyo¥02+ yearsSelective admission
求職者支援訓練¥0 or lowVariesFor job seekers
IPA certification exam¥5,700-7,500N/AExam fee only
National university¥535,800/year4 yearsAffordable

Low to Mid Cost Options

OptionCostTimeNotes
Public university¥535,800/year4 yearsStandard fee
IPA certification prep¥10,000-50,0003-6 monthsBooks/courses
AWS certifications¥15,000-35,0001-3 monthsPer certification
Online courses¥10,000-100,000VariesVarious platforms

Mid to Higher Cost Options

OptionCostTimeNotes
Private university¥1.2-1.8M/year4 yearsHigher cost
Senmon gakko¥1.0-1.5M/year2-4 yearsVocational
DMM WEBCAMP¥500,000-900,0003-6 monthsBootcamp
TECH CAMP¥600,000-800,00010+ weeksBootcamp
Code Chrysalis¥2,000,000+12 weeksEnglish bootcamp
HAL¥1.2-1.5M/year2-4 yearsIT senmon gakko

Living Costs

Tokyo:

Osaka/Nagoya:

Smaller cities:

Key costs:

Total Cost Estimates

4-year national university (Japanese student):

4-year private university (Japanese student):

Bootcamp (6 months):

For international students:

ROI Considerations

Highest ROI credentials:

Important factors:

Certification Paths by Career Goal

Different roles value different credentials in the Japanese market.

Software Developer (General)

Strong paths:

Important skills:

Interview preparation:

Japanese market notes:

Web Developer

Strong paths:

Japanese market notes:

Game Developer

Strong paths:

Japanese market notes:

Data Scientist / ML Engineer

Strong paths:

Japanese market notes:

Embedded Systems / IoT

Strong paths:

Japanese market notes:

Network/Infrastructure Engineer

Strong paths:

Career Changers

Best starting path:

Japanese-specific advice:

Regional Considerations

Japan’s tech industry has geographic concentrations.

Tokyo (東京)

Characteristics:

Areas:

Major presence: Rakuten, LINE, CyberAgent, DeNA, Mercari, Yahoo Japan, major system integrators (NTT Data, Fujitsu, NEC)

Osaka (大阪)

Characteristics:

Major presence: Various tech companies, system integrators, regional headquarters

Nagoya (名古屋)

Characteristics:

Major presence: Toyota and suppliers, manufacturing tech

Fukuoka (福岡)

Characteristics:

Major presence: LINE Fukuoka, growing startup ecosystem

Notable: Fukuoka has been promoting itself as a startup hub with various support programmes.

Kyoto (京都)

Characteristics:

Major presence: Nintendo, Kyoto University research, various companies

Other Regions

Sendai (仙台):

Sapporo (札幌):

Remote Work

Trends:

Practical reality:

Language Considerations

Japanese language ability is the most critical factor for working in Japan. This section is intentionally detailed because it’s that important.

When Japanese Is Essential (Almost Always)

Very Limited English-Only Opportunities

JLPT Requirements

JLPT Levels:

LevelDescriptionWork Viability
N5BasicNot sufficient for work
N4ElementaryNot sufficient for work
N3IntermediateMinimum for simple jobs
N2Business levelStandard job requirement
N1AdvancedCompetitive advantage

For tech jobs:

Technical Japanese

Beyond JLPT, technical vocabulary matters:

Common terms:

Many technical terms are loan words from English (カタカナ語), but knowing when and how to use them appropriately requires study.

Japanese Language Investment

Timeline:

Resources:

Recommendation:

If you’re serious about a tech career in Japan:

  1. Start Japanese study early. Don’t wait.
  2. Aim for N2 minimum. N1 preferred.
  3. Learn technical vocabulary. Beyond JLPT.
  4. Practice business Japanese. Professional communication.
  5. Consider study in Japan. Immersion accelerates learning.

Without N2+ Japanese, your options in Japan are extremely limited. This is not like other countries where English may suffice.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Underestimating Japanese Language Requirement

This is the #1 mistake. Many aspiring Japan workers think technical skills will suffice. They won’t. Japanese language is non-negotiable for most positions.

Ignoring IPA Certifications

The 基本情報技術者 is expected in Japanese IT. Skipping it significantly limits your options, especially at traditional companies.

Underestimating Credential Importance

Japan’s credential-focused culture means formal qualifications matter significantly. Skills alone won’t open doors at most companies.

Not Understanding the New Graduate System

Japanese companies primarily hire through 新卒採用 (new graduate hiring) each April. Missing this timing or not understanding the system limits opportunities.

Expecting Western Work Culture

Japanese work culture differs significantly. Expectations around hours, communication style, decision-making, and hierarchy may surprise those from Western backgrounds.

Underestimating Competition

Top Japanese university graduates are highly skilled. Competition for good positions is intense.

Ignoring Technical Interview Preparation

Even with strong credentials, you must pass technical assessments. AlgoCademy preparation is essential.

Age Considerations

Age discrimination, while technically illegal, exists in Japan. Older career changers may face additional challenges, particularly at traditional companies.

Building Your Certification Strategy

Step 1: Define Your Goal

What role? Which company type (大企業, startup, international)? What timeline?

Research job listings on:

Note:

Step 2: Assess Your Starting Point

Japanese citizen/resident:

International with strong Japanese:

International without Japanese:

Step 3: Choose Wisely

Prioritise:

Be cautious of:

Step 4: Prepare Properly

For all paths:

Step 5: Maintain and Expand

Resources for Japan

Government and Official Resources

Job Search

Coding Test Preparation

Tech Community

Japanese Language Resources

Vendor Certification Resources

Getting Started This Week

If You’re in Japan Exploring Options

  1. Register for 基本情報技術者 exam. This is essential—start preparation immediately.
  2. Assess your Japanese level. Be honest about JLPT equivalent.
  3. Start free learning. Try freeCodeCamp or Japanese platforms.
  4. Try AlgoCademy’s free trial. AlgoCademy offers 7 days free. Coding tests are increasingly common.
  5. Research company hiring cycles. Understand new graduate hiring timing if applicable.

If You’re International Considering Japan

  1. Assess your Japanese ability honestly. N2+ is typically required.
  2. If Japanese is weak, prioritise language study. Consider a multi-year plan.
  3. Research visa pathways. Understand requirements.
  4. Build skills that transfer while developing Japanese ability.
  5. Consider studying in Japan as pathway (language + credential + visa).

If You’re a Japanese Student

  1. Start 基本情報技術者 preparation. Essential for employment.
  2. Understand 新卒採用 timeline. Don’t miss application windows.
  3. Build portfolio projects. Demonstrate practical skills.
  4. Practice coding tests on AlgoCademy and AtCoder.
  5. Consider internships (インターンシップ). Increasingly important.

If You’re a Career Changer in Japan

  1. Obtain 基本情報技術者. Provides legitimacy.
  2. Research 教育訓練給付. May fund training.
  3. Consider target company types. Startups more flexible than 大企業.
  4. Begin coding practice on AlgoCademy.
  5. Be realistic about age factors. Research age-friendly employers.

The Bottom Line

Japan offers unique opportunities in technology, with world-class companies, innovative products, and a fascinating culture. However, the Japanese market has distinctive characteristics that differ significantly from other tech markets.

The most important insight: Japan requires Japanese language ability and values formal credentials—but you still must demonstrate technical capability.

Language is non-negotiable. Without N2+ Japanese ability, your options are extremely limited. This is the single biggest factor for international candidates. If you’re serious about Japan, invest years in Japanese language before expecting meaningful employment opportunities.

Credentials matter enormously. University prestige, IPA certifications (基本情報技術者 is essentially required), and formal qualifications carry significant weight in Japanese hiring. The credential-focused culture is stronger than in Western markets.

But credentials alone aren’t enough. Major tech companies use coding tests. Technical assessments determine who gets offers. AlgoCademy addresses what credentials miss: the problem-solving ability that employers test. Combined with appropriate Japanese credentials, strong coding test performance creates the profile that succeeds.

The labour shortage creates opportunity. Japan’s aging population means tech talent is scarce. This creates opportunities, particularly for those willing to invest in proper credentials and language ability.

Japan’s tech industry includes global leaders (Nintendo, Sony, Toyota), major internet companies (Rakuten, LINE, CyberAgent), and a growing startup ecosystem. The gaming industry is particularly strong. Career paths exist for those who navigate the system successfully.

Choose your path wisely, invest heavily in Japanese language, obtain the expected certifications, and develop the problem-solving skills that credentials alone don’t provide.

頑張ってください！(Ganbatte kudasai! / Good luck!)